Back pain affects nearly everyone at some point, but when discomfort lingers or worsens over time, it may signal something more than muscle strain. One common culprit is degenerative disc disease (DDD), a condition where the discs that cushion your spine begin to wear down, leading to chronic pain and limited movement. Understanding the difference between everyday back pain and DDD is key to finding long-term relief and protecting your spine health.
At The Physicians Spine & Rehabilitation Specialists, we provide expert, non-surgical spine care to help patients throughout Georgia regain comfort and function. Our experienced interventional pain physicians use advanced treatments, including epidural steroid injections, nerve blocks, and minimally invasive spine procedures, to relieve pain and restore mobility. If back pain is disrupting your life, our experienced team is here to help you find long-term relief and clarity about your symptoms
If you’ve been wondering whether your back pain is normal or something more, this guide will help you understand the signs, causes, and when to seek care.
What Is Degenerative Disc Disease?
Degenerative disc disease isn’t technically a “disease.” It’s a natural, age-related condition in which the discs that cushion your spine begin to wear down over time. These discs act like shock absorbers between your vertebrae, providing flexibility and support for bending, twisting, and movement.
As discs lose hydration and elasticity, they can’t cushion the spine effectively. This leads to pain, stiffness, and sometimes nerve compression. While disc degeneration is a normal part of aging, not everyone experiences pain. For some, however, the process causes chronic or intermittent discomfort that can affect daily activities.
Degenerative disc disease can occur anywhere in the spine, but the most common area is the lumbar region (lower back), often referred to as lumbar degenerative disc disease, because it bears most of your body’s weight and movement.
Common Causes of Back Pain vs. Degenerative Disc Disease
Not all back pain signals DDD. Many people experience temporary pain caused by muscle strain, ligament sprain, or poor posture. These cases usually improve with rest, gentle movement, or short-term medication.
Degenerative disc disease causes, however, stem from structural changes in the spine. The condition develops when:
- Discs lose watercontent and become thinner, reducing their cushioning ability.
- Small tears form in the outer layer of the disc (annulus fibrosus), sometimes causing the inner material to bulge out or rupture.
- Bone spurs or nerve compression develop as the body attempts to stabilize weakened discs.
- Genetics, smoking, obesity, and repetitive motion accelerate disc degeneration.
The main difference between general back pain and degenerative disc disease is persistence. DDD-related pain tends to linger, recur, or worsen over time rather than resolving in a few days.
Key Degenerative Disc Disease Symptoms to Watch For
Recognizing early degenerative disc disease symptoms can prevent long-term damage and improve treatment outcomes. Symptoms may vary depending on the affected region, but often include:
Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease (Lower Back)
- Deep, aching lower back pain that worsens when sitting, bending, or lifting.
- Radiating pain to the buttocks, thighs, or legs (sciatica-like pain).
- Numbness or tingling in the legs or feet.
- Discomfort that improves when walking or changing position.
Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease (Neck and Upper Spine)
- Persistent neck pain radiating to the shoulders, arms, or hands.
- Headaches, muscle weakness, or difficulty gripping objects.
- Stiffness or limited neck motion.
If pain interferes with your daily routine or sleep, it’s time to have your spine evaluated by a specialist.
Risk Factors That Increase Your Likelihood of Developing DDD
Several factors can speed up disc wear and increase your risk of degenerative disc disease:
- Age (40–60 years old): Natural dehydration and loss of disc elasticity.
- Genetics: Family history of spinal conditions.
- Repetitive strain: Jobs or sports that involve heavy lifting, twisting, or prolonged sitting.
- Smoking: Reduces blood flow and slows disc healing.
- Obesity: Adds stress to the lower back.
- Previous injuries or surgeries: May weaken surrounding spinal structures.
While aging cannot be avoided, early diagnosis and targeted treatment can help slow progression and maintain mobility.
When to Consult a Spine Specialist in Atlanta, GA
You should schedule a consultation with a pain management specialist if you experience any of the following:
- Back or neck pain lasting longer than six weeks.
- Pain radiating to the arms or legs.
- Numbness, tingling, or weakness in your limbs.
- Difficulty standing, walking, or sleeping due to pain.
- Pain that worsens when sitting or bending.
At The Physicians Spine & Rehabilitation Specialists, our team uses advanced imaging and, when appropriate, discography to identify the source of pain precisely. Once diagnosed, we design a personalized, non-surgical plan that targets inflammation and restores function.
Non-Surgical Treatments for Degenerative Disc Disease
Our clinic specializes in minimally invasive pain management techniques that relieve discomfort and improve mobility without surgery.
1. Epidural Steroid Injections
These injections deliver anti-inflammatory medication directly into the affected spinal area to reduce nerve irritation and swelling. They provide both short-term and long-term relief for patients with lumbar or cervical degenerative disc disease.
2. Facet Joint and Nerve Block Injections
By targeting specific nerves or joints, these injections interrupt pain signals and allow the spine to move more comfortably. They can also help identify the exact source of pain.
3. Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS)
For patients with chronic pain unresponsive to conservative methods, SCS uses mild electrical impulses to block pain signals before they reach the brain. This advanced therapy offers long-term control for neuropathic pain caused by disc degeneration.
4. Discography
A diagnostic tool that helps determine which disc is causing pain, guiding precise treatment decisions and avoiding unnecessary procedures.
All of these procedures are outpatient, meaning patients can return home the same day with minimal downtime.
Tips for Managing Back Pain at Home
Before seeking medical treatment, there are a few strategies to help manage mild back pain:
- Stay active: Gentle stretching and walking keep the spine flexible.
- Maintain good posture: Use ergonomic chairs and avoid slouching.
- Apply heat or cold: Helps reduce inflammation and muscle tension.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Reduces strain on spinal discs.
- Avoid smoking: Promotes better oxygen flow to spinal tissues.
However, if pain persists despite these efforts, it’s time to seek professional evaluation. Chronic back pain is never “normal” and deserves expert attention.
Restoring Comfort and Function with Expert Spine Care
Back pain doesn’t have to define your daily life. If you suspect that your symptoms may be linked to degenerative disc disease, early diagnosis and specialized care can make a lasting difference. At The Physicians Spine & Rehabilitation Specialists, we are committed to helping patients across Georgia find relief through innovative, minimally invasive treatments that target the source of pain. Our experts in Atlanta, Sandy Springs, Stockbridge, Marietta, Calhoun, Rome, and Duluth offer personalized care plans designed to restore your mobility and confidence.
Take the first step toward relief. Schedule your consultation today at (770) 679-7000 or book an appointment and discover how we can help you live pain-free again.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is degenerative disc disease?
It’s the gradual breakdown of spinal discs that cushion your vertebrae, leading to pain, stiffness, and nerve irritation.
Is degenerative disc disease curable?
No, but it’s highly manageable. Treatments like injections and nerve blocks can significantly reduce pain and improve mobility.
Can degenerative disc disease cause leg pain?
Yes. When lumbar discs press on nearby nerves, pain can radiate down the legs (sciatica-like symptoms).
How is DDD diagnosed?
Through a physical exam, imaging tests (MRI or X-ray), and sometimes discography to pinpoint the exact disc involved.
Does everyone with disc degeneration experience pain?
No. Many people have degenerative changes visible on imaging but remain pain-free.
